Born in Skopje, Markovski went to Sofia in 1937, where he had his
first book of verse "
Narodni Bigori" published in
1938. The preface by prof. St. Mladenov, says,
"THERE'S NO BIG WONDER WHY MR. MARKOVSKI, BORN IN
MACEDONIA UNDER SERBS, AND STUDIED IN A SERBIAN SCHOOL, WRITES SO
FINE IN BULGARIAN, BECAUSE THE PEOPLE IN MACEDONIA SPEAK BULGARIAN
AND SING ITS BULGARIAN SONGS."
Further, Venko Markovski writes himself,
"THE EXPERIMENT HOW FROM BULGARIAN ONE MAY TURN INTO
MACEDONIAN I EXPERIENCED MYSELF. FROM SKOPIE I CAME TO SOFIA
BULGARIAN, AND IN SOFIA I BECAME MACEDONIAN"
Referred to as "Macedonian's Greatest Poet" by Metodi Shatorov,
Venko Markovski later became a prominent figure of the Macedonian
resistance movement during WWII and wrote its most famous marches.
Returning to Vardar from Bulgaria after the war Venko Markovski
was feted as a national hero and enjoyed the status of a poet
laureate. This reputation made him an automatic choice as one of
the 12 members comprising the
Philological Committee on the
Establishment of the Macedonian Alphabet and the Macedonian
Literary Language in Skopje, during Nov 27 - Dec 3, 1944. The
Committee included 10 linguists/teachers, one politician and one
poet -
Venko Markovski.
However what was happening in Tito's Yugoslavia caused Markovski
so much consternation that he wrote to Georgi Dimitrov
"TAKE MEASURES... THE BULGARIANS IN VARDAR MACEDONIA
ARE BEING SERBIANIZED WITH NO MERCY."
What happened to Serbia's opponents, like Markovski,
is described in the following newspaper article
LEADING COMMUNIST POET IN DISFAVOR
ONCE VENKO MARKOVSKI WAS PROCLAIMED AS A LEADING MACEDONIAN
POET BY THE COMMUNISTS. TWO YEARS AGO, HE WROTE A PLAY ENTITLED
"NATIVE PLACE." PEOPLE GREETED WITH GREAT
ENTHUSIASM ITS FIRST PERFORMANCE IN SKOPJE. BUT TITO'S HENCHMEN,
ZOGOVITCH AND DJILAS, WERE DISTURBED BY THE FACT THAT MARKOVSKI'S
PLAY REPRESENTED BELGRADE'S ADMINISTRATION OVER MACEDONIA DARKER
THAN SOFIA'S. THEY ACCUSED HIM OF BEING PRO-BULGARIAN. HIS PLAY
WAS PROHIBITED AND SOON MARKOVSKI FOUND HIMSELF EXPELLED FROM THE
COMMUNIST PARTY.
BEING IN DISFAVOR, MARKOVSKI HAD TO FACE THE CONSEQUENCES. TODAY
HE IS PENNILESS, BADLY STRICKEN WITH TUBERCULOSIS, HALF BODY
PARALYSED. RECENTLY, MARKOVSKI AND HIS WIFE WERE FORCIBLY EVICTED
FROM THEIR HOME, WHICH WAS GIVEN TO KOLE CHASHULE,
HEAD OF THE POLITICAL DEPARTMENT OF RADIO SKOPIE AND TO ELIA
TOPALOVSKI-AVRAM, HEAD OF THE PRESS AND PROPAGANDA GOVERNMENT
"Macedonia" Vol I, No. 2, Sep 1949, p2
Subsequently Markovski was tried as a Bulgarian agent and
imprisoned for 5 long years on Goli-Otok, a barren island in the
Adriatic. After his release he managed to escape to Bulgaria,
where he wrote two important books, "
Krywta Woda Ne
Stawa" and "
Goli Otok - Island of
Death", both vividly exposed the tyranny and
serbianization of the Macedonian People's Republic, under the
dictatorship of Tito's Macedonian appointee, Lazar Kolishevski.
Venko Markovski's judgment on the legitimacy of Tito and
Kolishevski's Macedonian People's Republic, is poignantly
illustrated by the following passage from his text
KRYWTA WODA NE STAWA 1981, p287
The entirety of the serious scholars via different
ways, have arrived at the conviction that Macedonia, Thrace,
Moesia and Dobrudzhia, towns and villages alike, are inhabited by
Bulgarians; that the national awareness of these Bulgarians is
neither Macedonian, nor Thracian, nor Moesian, nor Dobrudzhian,
but Bulgarian; that the language of these Bulgarians is neither
Macedonian, nor Thracian, nor Moesian, nor Dobrudzhian, but
Bulgarian; that the literature of these Bulgarians is neither
Macedonian, nor Thracian, nor Moesian, nor Dobrudzhian, but
Bulgarian; that the history of these Bulgarians living in
Macedonia, and in Thrace, and in Moesia, and in Dobrudzhia, is not
a separate one such as - Macedonian, Thracian, Moesian,
Dobrudzhian history, but a common, Bulgarian history; and that
Macedonia, Thrace, Moesia, Dobrudzhia are the geographic
expression of the Bulgarian territory
In his acclaimed text, "WITH STALIN AGAINST TITO", Ivo Banac sees Markovski
as an important character in events associated with that historic period,
but leaves no doubt as to the leanings of the "Macedonian old-guard", like Markovski,
when he writes
MARKOVSKI NEVER CONCEALED HIS DISDAIN FOR BELGRADE AND THE NOTION THAT THE MACEDONIANS WERE OUTSIDE THE BULGAR NATION. DURING THE LAST DECADE OF HIS LIFE HE WAS AT THE CENTRE OF COMINFORMIST ACTIVITIES IN SOFIA, PLAYING THE ROLE OF THE FLAME-KEEPER OF UNREDEEMED MACEDONIA. MARKOVSKI WROTE POEMS GLORIFYING FIGURES OF THE MACEDONIAN AND BULGARIAN PAST "WHO SAFEGUARDED BULGAR NATIONHOOD" (KLIMENT OHRIDSKI, BOGOMIL, TSAR SAMUIL, HRISTO BOTEV) AND MORE RECENT MACEDONIAN HEROES (GOCE DELCHEV, JANE SANDANSKI). DESPITE PROTESTS FROM BELGRADE, HE WAS ENTRENCHED IN SOFIA.
Unfortunately many of Markovski's comrades, like
Metodi Chento, also
seriously underestimated the Serbian influence and control within Vardar Macedonia.